SARNAVSKYI S.P., GREBIN V.V., YERMAKOV V.V. TYPICAL HYDROGRAPH OF RUNOFF FROM THE LEFT TRIBUTARIES OF THE MIDDLE DNIPRO AND ITS LONG-TERM DYNAMICS
DOI: https://doi.org/10.17721/2306-5680.2024.4.2
Hydrology, Hydrochemistry and Hydroecology. 2024. № 4(74)
Publication language: Ukrainian
Authors:
Sarnavskyi S.P., Korolenko National Pedagogical University
Grebin V.V., Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv
Yermakov V.V., Korolenko National Pedagogical University
The article presents a comprehensive analysis of the long-term changes in the typical hydrograph of runoff from the left tributaries of the Middle Dnipro over the period from 1931 to 2020. The main objective of the study is to identify long-term changes in the distribution of runoff throughout the year and to establish trends caused by natural and anthropogenic factors. To achieve this goal, statistical methods of processing primary data from hydrological observations were used, allowing the identification and analysis of the characteristic features of river runoff formation in the region during different climatic periods: 1931–1960, 1961–1990, and 1991–2020.
The study results showed that the rivers of the left bank of the Middle Dnipro are characterized by typical runoff features inherent to Eastern European rivers. Four main phases were identified: spring flood, summer-autumn low water, autumn rain floods, and winter low water. The analysis of changes in the seasonal runoff distribution revealed a steady trend of decreasing spring runoff, which averaged 73 % in 1931–1960 but dropped to 44 % in 1991–2020. This indicates a leveling of the intra-annual runoff distribution, which manifests as an increase in its share in summer, autumn, and winter.
The primary cause of these changes is the transformation of climatic conditions in the region. In particular, winter season warming has been noted, leading to a shorter period of stable snow cover, a decrease in solid precipitation, and an increase in the number of winter rains. This, in turn, results in reduced spring runoff and redistribution of water resources throughout the year. Anthropogenic impacts also play a significant role, including changes in water-regulating structures, deforestation, and wetland drainage, which further affect the runoff regime of rivers.
Key words: typical runoff hydrograph, Middle Dnipro basin, left tributaries.
References:
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HOW TO CITE
Sarnavskyi, S.P., Grebin, V.V., Yermakov, V.V. (2024). Typical hydrograph of runoff from the left tributaries of the Middle Dnipro and its long-term dynamics. Hidrolohiia, hidrokhimiia i hidroekolohiia [Hydrology, Hydrochemistry and Hydroecology], 4(74), 23-30. (in Ukrainian, abstr. in English). https://doi.org/10.17721/2306-5680.2024.4.2