GOPTSIY M.V., POZDNYAKOV YU.O. ASSESSMENT OF SEASONAL RUNOFF IN THE TISZA RIVER SUB-BASIN
DOI: https://doi.org/10.17721/2306-5680.2024.4.4
Hydrology, Hydrochemistry and Hydroecology. 2024. № 4(74)
Publication language: Ukrainian
Authors:
Goptsiy M.V., Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv
Pozdnyakov Yu.O., Odesa Mechnikov National University
The article is devoted to the study of the water regime of the rivers of the Tisza sub-basin within Ukraine, which is critically important in the context of modern climate change, which is characterized by the growth of extreme weather events. Global warming leads to changes in the distribution of precipitation, melting of snow and glaciers, which directly affects the water regime of rivers, increasing the frequency and intensity of floods, floods and droughts, which requires the development of a strategy for adapting to changes in the water regime based on its reliable assessment. The purpose of the study is to estimate the value of the annual runoff, analyze the phases of water content and fluctuations in water content within the seasons, which allows to determine periods with a surplus or deficit of water resources.
The study is based on the analysis of observation data on daily water flows at 22 hydrological stations located on the rivers of the Tisza sub-basin for the period up to 2020. Statistical methods of time series analysis were used, in particular, determining the average values, coefficients of variation and asymmetry, and the runoff rate was determined.
The results of the study showed that the average multi-year average annual runoff module in the catchments of the rivers of the Tysa sub-basin varies from 9.71 l/(c·km²) of the Stara River – the village of Znyatsovo (F = 224 km²) in the western part of the sub-basin to 36.6 l/(c·km²) of the Kosivska River – the village of Kosivska Polyana (F = 122 km²) in the southeastern part of the sub-basin. It was established that over the past 30 years, low-water years have prevailed in most catchments, but years with high floods are also noted.
A detailed analysis of the intra-annual distribution of runoff was conducted, which showed that the largest percentage of runoff is formed in March-April (central and western parts of the sub-basin) and April-May (eastern part of the sub-basin). Summarizing the observation data, it was found that spring runoff is 38 %, summer-autumn – 40 %, and winter – 22 % of the annual runoff.
Special attention is paid to identifying differences in the distribution of runoff between the eastern and central-western parts of the sub-basin. It was found that in the eastern part of the sub-basin the share of the summer-autumn season is 46 %, and winter – only 15 %, which indicates the specific conditions for runoff formation in this region.
The results of the study are of important practical importance for water use planning, water resources management and prevention of natural disasters such as floods and droughts. They can also be used to develop strategies for adapting to climate change and ensuring sustainable development of the region.
Key words: Tisza sub-basin, annual and seasonal runoff, runoff variability, statistical characteristics.
References:
1. Melnyk S., Loboda N. Trends in monthly, seasonal, and annual fluctuations in flood peaks for the upper Dniester River. Meteorology Hydrology and Water Management. Vol. 8(2). 2020.R. 28-36 URL: https://doi.org/10.26491/mhwm/126705
2. Blöschl, G. et al. Changing climate shifts timing of European floods. Science. 2017. Vol. 357, Issue 6351, 588–590. URL: https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aan2506
3. Blöschl G., Hall J., Viglione A. et al. Changing climate both increases and decreases European river floods. Nature. 2019. No 573. Rp. 108-111.
4. Balabukh V.O., Lukianets O.I. Zminy klimatu ta yikh naslidky v Rakhivskomu raioni Zakarpatskoi oblasti [Climate change and its consequences in the Rakhiv district of the Transcarpathian region]. Hidrolohiia, hidrokhimiia i hidroekolohiia. 2015. Vyp. 2. S. 132-148. URL: http://nbuv.gov.ua/UJRN/glghge_2015_2_18
5. Bolbot H., Grebin V., Obodovskyi O. The Average Annual Water Runoff Long-Term Fluctuations Trends of the Dniester Podolia Tributaries. 17th International Conference Monitoring of Geological Processes and Ecological Condition of the Environment, Nov 2023, Volume 2023, p.1–5. URL: https://doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.2023520210
6. Yatsiuk M.V., Adamenko T.I., Romashchenko M.I., Tsvietkova H.M., Kolmaz Yu.T., Kulbida M.I., Prokopenko A.L., Saidak R.V., Sydorenko O.O. Kontseptualni osnovy planu upravlinnia posukhamy v Ukraini [Conceptual framework for a drought management plan in Ukraine]. Kyiv: FOP Yamchynskyi O.V., 2021. 44 s.
7. Plan upravlinnia richkovym subbaseinom Tysy 2025-2030 (proiekt) [Tisza River Sub-Basin Management Plan 2025-2030 (draft)]. Chastyna I. URL: https://buvrtysa.gov.ua/newsite/wp-content/uploads/2022/12/Tysa_PURB_2-1-100.pdf.
8. Ekstremalni hidrolohichni yavyshcha: pavodky i posukhy na terytorii hirskykh rehioniv Ukrainy [Extreme hydrological phenomena: floods and droughts in the mountainous regions of Ukraine]: monohrafiia/ za red. Ye.D.Hopchenka; Odesk. derzh. ekol-nyi un-t. Odesa: TES, 2018. 324 s.
9. Loboda N.S. Zakonomirnosti kolyvan richnoho stoku richok Ukrainy pry zminakh klimatu na pochatku KhKhI storichchia [Patterns of fluctuations in the annual flow of rivers in Ukraine during climate change at the beginning of the 21st century]. Hidrolohiia, hidrokhimiia i hidroekolohiia. 2010. T. 18. S. 62-70. URL: http://nbuv.gov.ua/UJRN/glghge_2010_18_9
10. Horbachova L.O. Bahatorichni tendentsii richnoho stoku vody richok Ukrainy ta ioho klimatychnykh chynnykiv [Long-term trends in annual river runoff in Ukraine and its climatic factors]. Hidrolohiia. Vodni resursy. Naukovi pratsi UkrDHMI. 2016. Vyp. 269. S. 94-106.
11. Ovcharuk V.A., Hoptsii M.V., Pozdniakov Yu.O. Sezonni znachennia stoku vody ta yikh zabezpechenist na richkakh subbaseinu Tysy [Seasonal values of water flow and their availability on the rivers of the Tisza sub-basin]. Materialy 79-oi zvitnoi naukovoi konferentsii profesorsko-vykladatskoho skladu i naukovykh pratsivnykiv Odeskoho natsionalnoho universytetu imeni I.I. Mechnykova, 27-29 lystopada. Odesa: Odes. nats. Un-t im. I. I. Mechnykova. 2024. S.109-112.
12. Hidrolohichni rozrakhunky [Hydrological calculations]: pidruchnyk / Ye.D. Hopchenko, N.S. Loboda, V.A. Ovcharuk. Odesa: TES, 2014. 484 s.
13. Hrebin V.V. Suchasnyi vodnyi rezhym richok Ukrainy (landshaftno-hidrolohichnyi analiz) [Modern water regime of rivers of Ukraine (landscape and hydrological analysis)]. Kyiv, 2010. 316 s.
14. Valeriya Ovcharuk, Maryna Goptsiy. Study of trends in the time series of maximum water discharges in the Tisza Basin Rivers within Ukraine. Acta Hydrologica Slovaca, Volume 23, No. 1. 2022. Р. 33–42.
HOW TO CITE
Goptsiy, M.V., Pozdnyakov, Yu.O. (2024). Assessment of Seasonal Runoff in the Tisza River Sub-Basin. Hidrolohiia, hidrokhimiia i hidroekolohiia [Hydrology, Hydrochemistry and Hydroecology], 4(74), 44-53 (in Ukrainian, abstr. in English). https://doi.org/10.17721/2306-5680.2024.4.4