DANYLCHENKO O.S., KORNUS A.O., KORNUS O.H., KHARCHENKO Y.V. DYNAMICS OF TURBIDITY OF RIVER WATER ON THE LEFT-BANK TRIBUTARIES OF THE DNIEPER (ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE SUMY REGION)
DOI: https://doi.org/10.17721/2306-5680.2021.2.3
Hydrology, Hydrochemistry and Hydroecology. 2021. № 2 (60)
Publication language: Ukrainian
Authors:
Danylchenko O.S., Sumy State Pedagogical University named after AS Makarenko
Kornus A.O., Sumy State Pedagogical University named after AS Makarenko
Kornus O.H., Sumy State Pedagogical University named after AS Makarenko
Kharchenko Y.V., Sumy State Pedagogical University named after AS Makarenko
The article is devoted to the study of sediment runoff, especially one of the characteristics that reflects erosion processes in the catchment area, water turbidity using the example of the rivers of the Sumy region. The main purpose of the article is the spatial and temporal analysis of the turbidity indicators of the rivers of the Sumy region (left-bank tributaries of the Dnieper). The article highlights information on the sediment runoff of the rivers in the region for the entire period of observations, describes modern own studies of the turbidity of river water and establishes the features of the formation of sediment runoff in the rivers of the region. It was found that the indicators of turbidity of river water grow in the direction from north to south of the study area, in the zone of mixed forests are minimal, and in the forest-steppe – maximum; high values of the average turbidity index characteristic of small rivers in the region, аmong the average rivers, the maximum values were recorded for the Sula and Vorskla rivers; during floods, turbidity values are maximum, and during low water periods, they are minimal; there is a tendency to an increase in the indicators of maximum and average turbidity of river water.
Particular attention is paid to the influence of river regulation on turbidity indicators. It was found that the deceleration of water exchange is facilitated by the accumulation of sediments in the channel above the dam (high indicators of the thickness of the silt layer), and also below the dam (the creation of a channel island, probably due to the uneven throughput of the dam’s gate valves, which creates a different flow rate from the right and left banks). Decreased flow velocity, increased water turbidity and, as a consequence, siltation, deterioration of river water quality (appearance of swamp odor, decrease in transparency, color change) leads to changes in the species composition of aquatic organisms, extinction of river species and the appearance of atypical river species, overgrowth. In their conclusions, the authors argue that sediment runoff is formed mainly due to washout from the surface of the catchment area, high turbidity indicators in rivers whose basin is more prone to erosion, where the indicators of plowing of the basin surface are maximum, water protection zones and coastal protective belts are destroyed, but when studying the turbidity of river water it is necessary take into account additional factors.
Keywords: sediment runoff; water turbidity; left-bank tributaries of the Dnieper; Sumy region.
References:
1. Analiz, sistematizaciya i statisticheskaya obrabotka materialov mnogoletnih nablyudenij za gidrologicheskim rezhimom rek na territorii Sumskoj oblasti [Analysis, systematization and statistical processing of materials of long-term observations of the hydrological regime of rivers on the territory of the Sumy region] : tehnicheskij otchet. Sumy : Sumskoj filial «Harkovgiprovodhoz», 1980. 99 s.
2. Vladimirov A.M. Gidrologicheskie raschety [Hydrological calculations]. Leningrad: Gidrometeoizdat, 1990. 368 s.
3. Hrebin V.V. Vykorystannia heohrafo-hidrolohichnoho metoda dlia vyznachennia stoku nanosiv [Use of geographic-hydrological method to determine sediment runoff] // Hidrolohiia, hidrokhimiia i hidroekolohiia. 2002. T. 3. S.43-48.
4. Hrebin V.V., Vasylenko Ye.V., Chornomorets Yu.O. Zalezhnist vnutrishn’orichnoho rozpodilu stoku zavyslykh nanosiv vid fazy vodnosti (na prykladi richok Ukrainskykh Karpat) [Dependence of the intra-annual distribution of suspended sediment runoff on the water phase (on the example of the rivers of the Ukrainian Carpathians)] // Hidrolohiia, hidrokhimiia i hidroekolohiia. 2006. T. 10. S.49-58.
5. Danylchenko O.S. Richkovi basejny Sumskoi oblasti: heoekolohichnyj analiz [River basins of Sumy region: geoecological analysis]: monohrafiia. Sumy: SumDPU imeni A.S.Makarenka, 2019. 270 s.
6. Danylchenko O.S., Kysorets M.V. Pozytyvni ta nehatyvni naslidky funktsionuvannia malykh hidroelektrostantsij na prykladi Nyzivs’koi MHES [Positive and negative consequences of the operation of small hydropower plants on the example of Nizovskaya SHPP] // Treti Sums’ki naukovi heohrafichni chytannia : materialy Vseukr. nauk. konf., m. Sumy, 12-14 zhovt. 2018 r. Sumy, 2018. S. 57-61.
7. Kompleksnoe izuchenie ekologicheskogo sostoyaniya bassejna r. Psel v predelah Sumskoj oblasti [Comprehensive study of the ecological state of the river basin. Psel within the Sumy region] / za red.: V. V. Bugaenko i dr. Sumy, 1993. 277 s.
8. Obodovskyj O.H. Hidroloho-ekolohichna otsinka ruslovykh protsesiv (na prykladi richok Ukrainy) [Hydrological and ecological assessment of channel processes (on the example of rivers of Ukraine)]. Kyiv: Nika-Tsentr, 2001. 272 s.
9. Mali richky Ukrainy : dovidnyk [Small rivers Ukraine: Directory] / za red. A. V. Yatsyka. Kyiv: Urozhaj, 1991. 296 s.
10. Spravochnik po vodnym resursam SSSR. Ukrainskaya SSR. Ch. I [Reference book on water resources of the USSR. Ukrainian SSR. Part I] / pod red. M. S. Kaganer. Kiev: Ukr. nauch.-issled. gidromet. in-t., 1954. 620 s.
HOW TO CITE
Danylchenko, O.S., Kornus, A.O., Kornus, O.H., Kharchenko, Y.V. (2021). Dynamics of turbidity of river water on the left-bank tributaries of the Dnieper (on the example of the Sumy region). Hidrolohiia, hidrokhimiia i hidroekolohiia [Hydrology, Hydrochemistry and Hydroecology], 2(60), 26-32 (in Ukrainian, abstr. in English). https://doi.org/10.17721/2306-5680.2021.2.3.